I n’a fɔ nɛgɛso sirili siratigɛ la, nɛgɛso sirili siratigɛ la, diɲɛ nɛgɛso sirilanw bɛ kɛ cogo la min bɛ kɛ sababu ye ka fɛn naani lamini: fɛnw, baarakɛcogo, kɔrɔbɔli, ani baarakɛcogo. O hukumu bɛɛ lajɛlen bɛ sigicogo jira min ye "dugukolo kan sariyaw sɔnna minnu bɛ sira ɲɛminɛ, mara sariya minnu bɛ kunnafoni di, ani jamana sariyaw minnu bɛ ladamu cogoya wɛrɛw la. U ka baara koloma ye ka klipuw dilanni, u dilanni, u kɔrɔbɔli ani u baaracogo ɲɛnabɔ, ka fɛnw falenfalen, u lakanani, ani u ka muɲuli sabati jamanaw ni nɛgɛso siraw danfaralenw kɔnɔ, ka nɛgɛso cogoya suguya caman ɲɛfɔ i n’a fɔ nɛgɛso kɔrɔlen, nɛgɛso gɛlɛn-taama, ani nɛgɛso teliya-teliya. Sisan, diɲɛ nɛgɛso elastik klip sariyaw tilalen don kosɛbɛ kulu saba ye: diɲɛ kɔnɔ sariyaw minnu bɛ sɔn, marabolow ka kelenya sariyaw, ani sariya minnu kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen don jamanabaw ma. O sariyaw bɛ ɲɔgɔn dafa, u kelen-kelen bɛɛ n’u ka sinsinnan don, u bɛɛ lajɛlen bɛ diɲɛ sariyasun dafalen dɔ sigi sen kan.
1. Duniya tɔnba min bɛ sariyasunba (ISO) ka sariyaw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ
1. Duniya tɔnba min bɛ sariyasunba (ISO) ka sariyaw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ
O sinsinnan jɔnjɔn ye fɛnw sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye elasitikiw kan ani fastener system testing, o min ye diɲɛ kɔnɔ fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw dilanni n’u sɛgɛsɛgɛli basigi ye. Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, olu dɔw ye:
- ISO 22074 seriyali: "Nɛgɛso baarakɛcogo-Tracks-Fastening System Test Methods" bɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli kɛcogo ni kiritigɛ sariyaw ɲɛfɔ taamasiyɛn jɔnjɔnw kan i n’a fɔ klipu tansiyɔn, kɔrɔta gɛlɛya, sɛgɛn ɲɛnamaya, ani insulasi baarakɛcogo. O ye core general specification ye ka ɲɛsin clip performance verification ma.
- ISO 5948: "Spring Steel Testing Standard" bɛ resɔn nɛgɛ min bɛ kɛ ka resɔn baraw kɛ, o ka kemikɛli kɛcogo, a masinw cogoya, a nɛgɛcogo ani a wajibiyalen wɛrɛw fɔ, ani ka sariya kelen di resɔrɔn baraw ka fɛnw sugandili ma.
Fɛnw ɲɛfɔli
2. Dugukolo kan nɛgɛso tɔnba (UIC) ka sariya minnu bɛ tali kɛ o la, olu dabɔra kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la nɛgɛso yɔrɔw kama, o sariyaw bɛ nɛgɛso baarakɛcogo mago lakikaw ɲɛ ka ɲɛ, wa u bɛ kɛ diɲɛ nɛgɛso jɛkafɔ basigi jɔnjɔn ye. U dɔw ye : - UIC 860 seriyali : "Fɛɛrɛbɔcogo caman bɛ nɛgɛso sirilanw na", min bɛ tali kɛ dilancogo sariyakolow, hakɛ muɲuli, sanfɛla furakɛli, ani fɛnɲɛnamafagalanw sigili wajibiyalenw na, ani ka bɛnkan wajibiyalenw ɲɛfɔ klipu sɔgɔlenw ni nɛgɛsira ni nɛgɛdagaw cɛ, wa a bɛ tali kɛ diɲɛ nɛgɛsira suguya caman na. - UIC 712-3 : "Specification for Fatigue Testing of Rail Fasteners" bɛ sinsin sɛgɛn ɲɛnamaya sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɛɛrɛ kan elasitiki klipuw la, o b’a ɲini elasitiki klipuw ka kari walima dɛsɛ si jira cyclique doni kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw kɔrɔ walasa ka baarakɛcogo dannaya sabati.
3. Erɔpu jamanaw ka sariyaw (EN) .
Erɔpu jamanaw ka nɛgɛso siraw bɛ ɲɔgɔn na kosɛbɛ, wa u ka sariyaw bɛ kelen ye kosɛbɛ. Sariya jɔnjɔnw bɛ bɛn diɲɛ sariyaw tali walima u nɔgɔyali ma, wa u bɛ tali kɛ Erɔpu jamanaw ni jamanaw la minnu bɛ Erɔpu nɛgɛso suguyaw ta. Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, olu dɔw ye:
- EN 13481 seriyali: "Nɛgɛso baarakɛminɛnw-Nɛgɛsiraw-Baarakɛcogo wajibiyalenw sirilanw kama" ye Erɔpu klipuw ka sariyakolo jɔnjɔn ye, wa a tilalen don yɔrɔ saba ye: Tilayɔrɔ 1 (ɲiniw bɛɛ lajɛlen), Yɔrɔ 2nan (sira sirilanw balalen, ka baarakɛcogo jiralanw jɛya modeli minnu bɛ kɛ ka caya i n’a fɔ C klasi klipuw), ani Tilayɔrɔ 3 (ballastless track fasteners, minnu bɛnnen don nɛgɛso teliyalenw ma ani sira gɛlɛnw-).
- Dɛmɛn sariyaw : Alemaɲi DIN sariya (DIN 17221 "Spring Steel Specification", DIN EN 13481, min bɛ bɛn Erɔpu sariya ma), Angletɛri BS sariya (BS EN 13481, min bɛ bɛn Erɔpu sariya ma), min bɛ fɛn dilanni taabolo n’a sɛgɛsɛgɛli kunnafoniw nɔgɔya ka taa a fɛ.
4.Amerika woroduguyanfan sariya Ni Ameriki ni Kanada nɛgɛso ye a kɔnɔko ye, a bɛ ladamu doni girinmanw ni doni belebelebaw ka layini cogoyaw la Ameriki Woroduguyanfan na. Sariyasenw sinsinnen bɛ waleyali ni muɲuli kan. Kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la, olu ye : - AREMA sariyaw (Amerika nɛgɛso injiniyɛri ni ladonni tɔn): "Nɛgɛso injiniyɛri gafe" tilayɔrɔba 3nan "Nɛgɛso injiniyɛri gafe" kɔnɔ, o bɛ ɲɛfɔli kɛ buckling pressure, sɛgɛn ɲɛnamaya, ani fɛnw wajibiyalenw kan elastic bars. AISI 6150 ressort nɛgɛ bɛ kɛ ka caya, wa a b’a jira ko barajuru sɔgɔli tansiyɔn ka kan ka se 10-15kN ma, wa sɛgɛn si man kan ka dɔgɔya ni siɲɛ 3×106 ye. - ASTM sariyaw: ASTM A232 "Spring Steel Specification" ani ASTM E466 "Fatigue Test Method" bɛ o di fɛɛrɛko dɛmɛni ka ɲɛsin forobaciyɛn sɛgɛsɛgɛli ma ani baarakɛcogo sɛgɛsɛgɛli ma, wa u bɛ kɛ ka fara AREMA sariyaw kan. ### 3. Jamana kunbaba-kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la sariyasunw (minnu bɛ bɛn jamana cogoyaw ma, danfara minnu bɛ u ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ) Jamana kelen-kelen bɛɛ b’a yɛrɛ ka nɛgɛso baarakɛcogo cogoyaw fara ɲɔgɔn kan (i n’a fɔ nɛgɛso teliya-teliyaba, nɛgɛso doni girinmanw, nɛgɛso suguya ɲɛfɔli) ani k’a yɛrɛ ka sariyaw labɛn ka da diɲɛ ni mara sariyaw kan walasa ka fɛɛrɛko wajibiyalenw n’a ka misali kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ɲɛfɔ minnu bɛ kɛ ka caya jamana kɔnɔ walasa a ka se k’a yɛrɛ ka layiniw mago ɲɛ.
5. Alemaɲi ka sariya (Vossloh sitɛmu dɛmɛni) Ka da Alemaɲi ka Vossloh sitɛmu sirilan kan, sariya dɔ labɛnna min bɛ kɛ ni bɔrɔ elastik danma ye, min bɛ ni snap pressure grading ye, min bɛnnen don nɛgɛso siraw ma Erɔpu jamanaw na ani jamana caman na diɲɛ kɔnɔ: - Core standards: EN 10089 (Spring Steel Specification), DIN 17221, clarify the technique requirements ka ɲɛsin SKL seriyali resɔn baraw ma (SKL 12/15/18), minnu cɛma SKL 15 resɔn baraw bɛ ni buckle pressure ye 15kN, u bɛnnen don UIC60 nɛgɛsiraw ma, wa u de bɛ kɛ ka caya. 6. British Standard (Pandrol system supporting) British Pandrol fastener system sinsinnen bɛ baara gɛlɛnw kan ani minnu bɛ sigi teliya la. O sariyakolo koloma ye BS EN 13481. Klip minnu jiralen don, olu ye PR seriyali ye (tansiyɔnba min bɛ wuli, min bɛnnen don nɛgɛsira gɛlɛnw ma), Fast Clip sitɛmu (klip minnu labɛnna ka kɔn-, minnu bɛ dɛmɛ don ka sigili kɛ ni masin ye), ani Nabla klipw (blade-cogo dilancogo, minnu bɛnnen don nɛgɛ kɔkanna plati kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw ma).
7. Other country/region standards - Japan: JIS E 1115 "Track Fastener Standard", featuring the E-type clip series, suitable for Japan's narrow gauge and Shinkansen high-speed rail lines, focusing on lightweight and elastic adaptation. - Russia: GOST 31385 "Technical Conditions for Railway Fasteners", min bɛ bɛn Irisi jamana ka jatebɔlanw ma, o bɛ fɛn, u bonya ani anti-nɔgɔli wajibiyalenw ɲɛfɔ elastik sɛrɛkiliw la, wa a bɛ bɛn ni Risi standard nɛgɛsiraw ni nɛgɛ kɔkanna platiw ye. - Ɔsitarali: AS 1085.14 "Track Fastener Standard", min bɛ bɛn Ɔsitarali nɛgɛsira girinmanw-haul ma, o wajibiyalenw ka bon kosɛbɛ sɛgɛn ɲɛnamaya ani sɔgɔli kunbɛnni baraw la minnu bɛ se ka wuli.
8. Sinuwaw ka sariyaw (TB/T Series) .
Ka kɛɲɛ ni Siniwajamana ka nɛgɛso kɔrɔlenw, teliya-nɛgɛso gɛlɛnw, ani nɛgɛso gɛlɛnw-nɛgɛso mago danfaralenw ye, nɛgɛso sariyasun dafalen dɔ dabɔra, nɛgɛso min kɔnɔko ye:
- TB/T 3065 seriyali : Nɛgɛso sirilanw (TB/T 3065-2020 bɔko laban), minnu bɛ jirisunw datugu minnu bɛ kɛ ka caya i n’a fɔ suguya I, suguya II, ani suguya III, ani ka sirili fanga, resɔn taama, ani fɛnw wajibiyalenw ɲɛfɔ resɔn suguya wɛrɛw la (a ka c’a la 60Si2MnA ani 60Si2CrA resɔrɔn nɛgɛ).
- TB/T 3395.3-2015: Sariya kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnen min bɛ kɛ nɛgɛso teliyaba-lasitiki klipuw kama, o min bɛ wajibi caman bila ɲɛfɛ, ka ɲɛsin balasi tɛ siraba sɔgɔli klipuw ka sɔgɔli, sɛgɛn ɲɛnamaya ani insulasi baarakɛcogo ma, wa a bɛnnen don nɛgɛso teliyaba siraw ma minnu teliya bɛ se 350km/h ani ka tɛmɛ o kan.
Tiɲɛ na, nɛgɛso porozɛ caman bɛ UIC ni EN sariyaw bila jɔyɔrɔ fɔlɔ la walasa ka dancɛ tigɛ-dancɛw ka bɛn ɲɔgɔn ma. Jamana sariyaw bɛ bilasirali wɛrɛw di baarakɛcogo kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenw kan. Kuma bɛɛ la, elastic clip standardization bɛ fɛnw sugandili, u jɔcogo, ani sɛgɛn baarakɛcogo de kan, o bɛ jusigilan sabatilen di nɛgɛso baarakɛcogo lakananen ni dannayalen ma diɲɛ kɔnɔ.
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